Sodium Succinate for Horses: A Promising Aid for Bleeders (EIPH)

What Is Sodium Succinate?

Sodium succinate is a salt form of succinic acid, a naturally occurring compound involved in the body’s energy production cycle (Krebs cycle). In veterinary medicine—especially equine sports medicine—sodium succinate is gaining attention for its potential in supporting respiratory function and cellular energy production.

But why does it matter for bleeder horses, and how does it help?

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Understanding Bleeding in Horses (EIPH)

Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage (EIPH) is a common condition in performance horses, particularly racehorses, barrel racers, and eventers. It occurs when intense physical exertion causes blood vessels in the lungs to rupture, resulting in bleeding into the airways.

Signs of EIPH in horses:

Visible blood at the nostrils (epistaxis)

Labored breathing post-exercise

Decreased performance

Frequent swallowing or coughing after exercise

Even when blood isn't visible, EIPH can still significantly impair oxygen exchange and athletic performance.

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How Sodium Succinate Can Help Bleeder Horses

While the traditional treatment for EIPH includes furosemide (Lasix), some owners and veterinarians are exploring adjunct or alternative therapies—like sodium succinate—for longer-term support and reduced side effects.

1. Supports Cellular Energy Production

Sodium succinate plays a critical role in the mitochondrial energy cycle, helping cells produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate). For horses under stress, especially those with compromised lung function, enhanced energy metabolism can support faster tissue recovery and overall resilience.

2. Improves Oxygen Utilization

By optimizing the metabolic pathways in muscle and lung tissue, sodium succinate may aid in more efficient oxygen use, reducing the physiological stress that leads to capillary rupture in the lungs.

3. Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Support

Oxidative stress is a contributing factor to lung damage in EIPH cases. Sodium succinate has shown antioxidant properties in animal models, which may help reduce lung inflammation and protect delicate capillaries from rupture during exertion.

4. Potential to Reduce Dependency on Diuretics

Many performance horses rely on Lasix, which works by reducing blood pressure in the lungs but can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances. Sodium succinate offers a non-diuretic option that supports recovery and performance without harsh side effects.

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Usage and Veterinary Considerations

Dosage and administration of sodium succinate in horses should always be guided by a licensed veterinarian. It is typically administered intravenously or intramuscularly, depending on the formulation and intended use.

Some equine supplement manufacturers may also include succinate derivatives in their performance recovery blends.

Important: Always check competition regulations regarding supplement use, especially in sanctioned races or events. Not all substances are allowed under FEI or racing authority rules.

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Final Thoughts: Is Sodium Succinate Right for Your Bleeder Horse?

While sodium succinate is not a miracle cure, it holds promising supportive benefits for horses dealing with EIPH. When used alongside traditional treatment strategies, it may improve lung recovery, reduce inflammation, and support long-term performance health.

If your horse is a known bleeder or has shown signs of EIPH, talk to your equine veterinarian about whether sodium succinate could be a beneficial addition to their care plan.

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