# Toltrazuril 5% Paste for Horses: Complete EPM Treatment Guide 2025 Untitled

## What is Toltrazuril 5% Paste for Horses?

Toltrazuril 5% paste is a prescription antiprotozoal medication specifically formulated for treating equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) in horses. This oral paste contains 5% toltrazuril as the active ingredient and has become a cornerstone treatment for one of the most challenging neurological diseases affecting horses today.

EPM is caused by protozoan parasites, primarily *Sarcocystis neurona*, that attack the horse's central nervous system. Without proper treatment, EPM can lead to permanent neurological damage, making toltrazuril 5% paste an essential medication in equine veterinary medicine.

## How Does Toltrazuril Work for EPM Treatment?

Toltrazuril belongs to a class of medications called triazinones, which specifically target protozoan parasites. The medication works by disrupting the parasite's cellular respiration and energy production, effectively eliminating *Sarcocystis neurona* organisms from the horse's nervous system.

Unlike some other EPM treatments, toltrazuril 5% paste demonstrates excellent bioavailability when administered orally, ensuring therapeutic levels reach the central nervous system where the parasites reside. This targeted approach makes it highly effective for treating both acute and chronic cases of EPM.

## Benefits of Toltrazuril 5% Paste

### Superior Efficacy

Clinical studies have shown toltrazuril 5% paste to be highly effective in treating EPM, with success rates significantly higher than traditional treatments like sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine combinations.

### Convenient Administration

The paste formulation makes daily dosing simple and stress-free for both horses and owners. The palatable formula reduces resistance during administration, ensuring consistent treatment compliance.

### Fewer Side Effects

Compared to older EPM treatments, toltrazuril 5% paste typically causes fewer adverse reactions, making it safer for long-term use in horses with compromised health.

### Improved Quality of Life

Horses treated with toltrazuril often show marked improvement in neurological symptoms, including better coordination, reduced ataxia, and restored muscle strength.

## Dosage and Administration Guidelines

### Standard Dosing Protocol

The typical dosage for toltrazuril 5% paste is 15-20 mg/kg of body weight, administered once daily for 28 consecutive days. For a 1,000-pound horse, this translates to approximately 6.8-9.1 grams of paste daily.

### Administration Tips

- Administer on an empty stomach for optimal absorption

- Use the calibrated dosing syringe for accurate measurement

- Place paste on the back of the tongue to prevent spitting

- Monitor for complete swallowing before releasing the horse

### Treatment Duration

The standard treatment course is 28 days, though some veterinarians may recommend extended protocols for severe cases or horses with chronic EPM. Never discontinue treatment early without veterinary consultation.

## Recognizing EPM Symptoms in Horses

Early recognition of EPM symptoms is crucial for successful treatment outcomes. Common signs include:

### Neurological Signs

- Ataxia (incoordination) in hindquarters

- Muscle atrophy, particularly in the gluteal region

- Weakness on one side of the body

- Difficulty backing up or turning

### Behavioral Changes

- Depression or lethargy

- Head tilt or abnormal head positioning

- Difficulty swallowing

- Changes in facial expression

### Physical Symptoms

- Stumbling or tripping frequently

- Dragging toes while walking

- Difficulty maintaining balance

- Abnormal gait patterns

## Safety Considerations and Side Effects

### Common Side Effects

While generally well-tolerated, some horses may experience:

- Mild gastrointestinal upset

- Temporary loss of appetite

- Loose stools during initial treatment days

### Contraindications

Toltrazuril 5% paste should not be used in:

- Pregnant or lactating mares without veterinary approval

- Horses with known hypersensitivity to triazinone compounds

- Animals with severe liver or kidney disease

### Drug Interactions

Always inform your veterinarian of any concurrent medications, as toltrazuril may interact with certain drugs, particularly other antiprotozoal agents.

## Cost Considerations and Value

### Treatment Investment

While toltrazuril 5% paste represents a significant investment, the cost must be weighed against the potential for permanent neurological damage without treatment. Early intervention with effective medication often proves more economical than managing chronic EPM.

### Insurance Coverage

Many equine insurance policies cover EPM treatment costs. Check with your provider regarding coverage for toltrazuril 5% paste treatment protocols.

## Monitoring Treatment Progress

### Veterinary Assessments

Regular veterinary evaluations during treatment help track improvement and adjust protocols if necessary. Your veterinarian may recommend:

- Neurological examinations every 7-14 days

- Blood work to monitor organ function

- Follow-up CSF testing in some cases

### Owner Observations

Keep detailed records of your horse's daily condition, noting improvements in coordination, appetite, and overall demeanor. This information helps veterinarians assess treatment effectiveness.

## Prevention Strategies for EPM

### Management Practices

- Minimize opossum access to feed and water sources

- Store feed in sealed containers

- Maintain clean, dry feeding areas

- Implement regular pasture management

### Nutritional Support

- Provide high-quality nutrition to support immune function

- Consider vitamin E supplementation as recommended by your veterinarian

- Ensure adequate protein intake for neurological recovery

## Conclusion: Choosing Toltrazuril 5% Paste for EPM Treatment

Toltrazuril 5% paste represents a significant advancement in EPM treatment for horses. Its proven efficacy, convenient administration, and favorable safety profile make it the preferred choice for many equine veterinarians treating this challenging condition.

Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with toltrazuril 5% paste offer the best chance for complete recovery from EPM. If you suspect your horse may be showing signs of EPM, consult with your veterinarian immediately to discuss whether toltrazuril treatment is appropriate for your horse's specific situation.

Remember that EPM treatment success depends on early intervention, proper dosing, and complete treatment compliance. With appropriate veterinary care and toltrazuril 5% paste treatment, many horses can return to full athletic performance and quality of life.

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*Always consult with a licensed veterinarian before beginning any EPM treatment protocol. This information is for educational purposes only and should not replace professional veterinary advice.*

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